What is calculous prostatitis: why it develops, how to determine, treatment methods

Calculous prostatitis is a rare form of the disease that requires specific treatment. Therefore, it is important to know how it arises and what signs are accompanied by. From this article you will learn about all the features of the disease. As well as methods of diagnosis and treatment.

For calculous prostatitis, an inflammatory process is characteristic, in which conglomerates of a dense structure are formed. In other words, these are stones in the prostate. They consist of elements that enter the body of a man. They arise in the secretion of the prostate gland against the background of the chronic course of prostatitis, pathological disorders.

Causes of occurrence

Calculous prostatitis may be caused by the following:

1. Infection of the genitourinary system. These can be diseases such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis, and so on. In the process of reproduction and activation of pathological microorganisms, obstruction in the ducts of the prostate gland is noted, against the background of which the secret acquires a thick and viscous structure. Thus, bacteria create a favorable environment for the formation of stones, and prostatolites contribute to an increase in inflammatory processes, due to which congestion develops in the prostate.
2. Stagnation of all processes in the gland, which occurs for various reasons - the presence of adenoma (benign tumor) in the prostate, inactivity, the influence of harmful foods, alcohol abuse, tobacco smoking. But most often the reason lies in the absence of regular sexual activity, since in this case the glands cannot normally empty the calculi, and therefore stagnation occurs.
3. Urethro-prostatic reflux. In this disease, urine fluid during urination in small doses is thrown into the prostate. As urine accumulates, crystallized salts are released, which over time increase and thicken, turning into stones. Urethro-prostatic reflux develops due to injuries of the urethra, atony of the prostate, resection of the prostate gland, etc.
4. Impaired blood circulation in the pelvic organs also leads to stagnation.
5. Frequent hypothermia of the body and genitals.
6. Failure to comply with personal hygiene causes infection, which leads to calculous prostatitis.
7. Elderly age. This is due to the fact that a kind of plaque of phosphoric acid and lime is formed on the thickened epithelium and amyloid bodies.

The stone formations are yellowish and spherical. The minimum size of prostatolites is 0. 25 cm, the maximum is 0. 4. They are formed singly or in multiples, they are mainly of the following types: phosphate stones, oxalate or urate.

Symptoms

The following signs indicate the presence of prostatolites in the prostate:

• dull and aching pain in the perineum, groin, coccyx, scrotum;
• increased pain syndrome after physical actions, bowel movements, sexual intercourse, prolonged sitting in one position;
• sharp pain when urinating;
• intermittent jet;
• frequent urge to delay urine;
• blood particles in urine and semen;
• premature ejaculation;
• weakening of potency;
• increased body temperature;
• insomnia;
• decreased appetite;
• psycho-emotional instability.

Stages of bacterial prostatitis

• Primary or catarrhal.In the primary form, stones form in the acini of the prostate or ducts. The symptomatology of the catarrhal type is poorly expressed, the symptoms resemble catarrhal pathologies. If you consult a urologist in a timely manner and start adequate treatment, you can get rid of the disease in a week.
• Secondary or follicular.In the secondary form, prostatoliths penetrate into the organ from the kidneys, bladder and other elements of the body against the background of urolithiasis. A follicular appearance can develop after an untreated catarrhal type. The manifestations are acute, with an increase in body temperature and suppuration, the duration of therapy is long.
• Tertiary or parenchymal.With the tertiary form, the parenchyma of the prostate gland is affected, therefore it is called parenchymal (diffuse). It is the last stage of the acute course, in which the symptoms are very acute. A purulent exudate forms on the inflamed area. The treatment process is long, tolerance is difficult.

Possible complications of calculous prostatitis

What complicates untreated calculous prostatitis:

• abscesses in the prostate against the background of the accumulation of purulent fluid in the tissues;
• intoxication of the body with purulent formations and the further development of sepsis, which is fatal;
• atrophy of the prostate gland and, as a result, impotence;
• vesiculitis in acute or chronic form, which is characterized by vasodilation in the spermatic cord, which leads to impotence and infertility;
• cystitis and urinary incontinence.

In order to prevent such consequences, it is necessary, when the first signs are found, to go to the clinic and undergo a comprehensive examination.

How to relieve an attack at home?

It is quite clear to every sane person that during an attack it is necessary to call an ambulance team. But before she arrives, you can take the usual painkillers. If your home medicine cabinet contains propolis-based rectal suppositories, perform the appropriate procedure. Relieve pain and laxative tablets.

Which doctor is treating?

The urologist (or andrologist) deals with the treatment of prostatitis of any form. In the process of diagnostics and selection of treatment tactics, other highly specialized doctors are also included - a nephrologist, an infectious disease specialist and others, depending on the cause of the formation of stones.

Diagnostics

At the first visit to the urological office, the doctor conducts a palpation and visual examination, after which he collects an anamnesis. The lifestyle, the presence of certain pathologies and the nature of the manifesting signs are necessarily taken into account. Further, such diagnostics are carried out:

• collection of blood and urine for general analysis to identify the quantitative number of structural units (composition of biological fluids);
• collection of semen (sperm with calculous type of prostatitis is characterized by an increased number of epithelial tissues and amyloid bodies);
• spermogram allows you to study the degree of motility and sperm count;
• X-ray of the prostate;
• ultrasound examination of the prostate gland;
• computed or magnetic resonance imaging.

Blood collection for PSA is mandatory, which makes it possible to identify a specific prostatic antigen (a kind of tumor marker of the prostate gland).

Treatment of calculous prostatitis

The duration of therapy and the selection of therapeutic measures depends on the degree of neglect of the disease, as well as the form, cause of development and the presence of complications.

Drug treatment

1. Fluoroquinolone group for the destruction of pathogenic microbes, which are most often the cause of prostatitis. These are antibiotics that can easily deal with many pathogens.
2. Penicillin group of antibacterial agents.
3. Tetracycline group of antibiotics. However, tetracyclines have a large number of side effects, therefore, they are prescribed less often than other groups.
4. Cephalosporins are administered intramuscularly.
5. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve pain syndrome, eliminate inflammation.
6. The patient should take vitamin complexes to strengthen the immune system.

Surgical intervention

1. Transurethral electroresection allows you to remove stones and cauterize blood vessels. For this, a high-frequency electric current and a resectoscope are used, which is inserted through the urethral lumen. The operation is painless, but there is a possibility that prostatolite particles will remain.
2. Transurethral surgery with ultrasound guidance. Unlike the previous method. Thanks to the increased ultrasound tracking, all calculi are removed.
3. Strip prostatectomy (stones are removed by dissection) and endoscopic (using an endoscope that is inserted into the prostate). Along with stones in a neglected form, resection of the prostate, lymph nodes and seminal vesicles is performed.
4. Lithotripsy involves the use of a laser that crushes the stones, after which they are excreted naturally. For this, an endoscope is used.

Physiotherapy

• exposure to ultrasound reduces the level of inflammation, removes pain;
• laser therapy accelerates metabolic processes in the prostate, relieves discomfort;
• magnetic therapy restores blood circulation, neutralizes puffiness.

Massage normalizes the patency of the ducts, accelerates blood supply, which is considered effective for prostatitis, but with calculous form it is strictly prohibited. The reason is that prostatolites may move through the body.

If you do not have the opportunity to attend physiotherapy procedures, you can do them at home using special devices. But keep in mind that physiotherapy is effective only in remission - when prostatitis is in an exacerbation stage, it is prohibited to use devices.

Diet therapy

A patient diagnosed with calculous prostatitis is obliged to adhere to a special diet, which is developed by a nutritionist at an individual level, based on the severity of the pathology.

The basis of dietary nutrition is the rejection of alcoholic and carbonated drinks, fried, smoked, salty and spicy foods. It is undesirable to use broths based on fatty meat and fish, mushrooms. Horseradish, radish, radish, garlic, cabbage, beans and onions will have to be excluded from vegetables. And other products that lead to gas formation.

Physiotherapy

It is always used for prostatitis, but with a calculous form, the exercises should be light in order to prevent the movement of stones. Gymnastics should stretch the muscles of the perineum. To do this, you can do the following exercises at a slow pace:

1. Stand up to a chair and rest your hands on the back. Take one leg to the side, lifting it up as much as possible. Lower the limb. The same actions are carried out with the other leg. The number of approaches is 8-10.
2. Stand with your back to the chair and lean on. Lift your legs alternately to your stomach, bending them at the knees.
3. Spread your legs wider than your shoulders, sit down and fix the position for a few seconds. Stand up. As you do the exercise, try to perform springy movements in the squatting position. Repeat no more than 5 times.

Folk remedies

1. Eat 25-30 pumpkin seeds daily, raw and always on an empty stomach.
2. Herbal decoction. You will need an equal proportion of a naked ostudnik and a black letter. Separate 1 tbsp. l. herbs, pour 0. 5 liters of "cool" boiling water, let it brew. Take 3 times a day, 100 mg half an hour before meals.
3. Brew brown rose hip root according to the recipe listed on the pharmacy package. Drink as a tea drink three times a day.
4. Pour 2 tbsp into a glass of boiling water. l. parsley seeds and simmer for 10-15 minutes over low heat. Insist hour. Drink up to 6 times a day, one tablespoon.
5. Drink 600-1000 ml of freshly squeezed asparagus juice daily.
6. Other natural juices are also useful - carrot, beetroot, cucumber.

Forecast

In the treatment of calculous prostatitis, conservative therapy is initially used, the result of which is usually favorable. In neglected forms and in the absence of positive dynamics of drug therapy, surgery is used. In this case, the prognosis is also favorable. But special attention should be paid to the rehabilitation period in order to prevent infection and other complications.

Prevention measures

In order to prevent the development of calculous type of prostatitis and prevent relapse, adhere to simple rules:

• eliminate bad habits;
• seek medical help in a timely manner for any pathological disorders;
• strictly follow the instructions of the urologist;
• do not overcool;
• use condoms to avoid infection;
• have an active sex life with one partner.